2020. 3. 1. 12:20ㆍ카테고리 없음
Embed this ProgramAdd this Program to your website by copying the code below.PreviewPreview. A game of skill, diplomacy and destruction of artAt first glance, you can see very little difference between Civilization V and the Brave New World extension. Again, we start by building a village, forming troops and exploring the map.
With the materials we collect, we build the town into a powerful metropolis and expand its territory through new settlements. Neighbors either invite you to round table talks or you fight them on the battlefield.When you get into it a bit more, you can see the new features of Civilization V: Brave New World. You can send archaeologists to search for relics, promote the arts as a patron and boost tourism. Or you can side with Venetians and Moroccans for major world trade. Followers of a peaceful strategy definitely get more out of Civilization V: Brave New World.In two new scenarios the American Civil War can be re-enacted, or you can participate in the colonial scramble for Africa. The American Civil War will appeal to warlords, testing talents on the battlefield, while diplomats can come to Africa to get their money.
With tact and finesse, you can forge alliances, making technological advances - without points - for the construction of a record-length railroad.Classic turn-based game designThe amateur strategist can play around with the features of Civilization V: Brave New World. As in other strategy games, the first base is established and then extended to other buildings. The entire game is easily controlled with the mouse.Moreover, Civilization V: Brave New World is optimized for tablets. This is in addition to the Windows 8 designed finger control for tablet-PCs.Fantastic music, annoying load timesThe soundtrack of Civilization V: Brave New World is vast and expansive with orchestral music which is quite catchy. Graphics are good, but there is a surprising loss of detail at maximum zoom. On the gameplay, however, this has no effect.What's most troubling, however, are the long loading times, especially in the advanced training game - apparently left over from Civilization V.
Is John any freer than the citizens of the World State?Huxley presents the World State as the extreme culmination of his era’s infatuationwith technology and comfort. However, we are meant to understand that the same governmentcontrol that provides subjects with peace and stability also robs them of their essentialhumanity.
The horror of Brave New World lies in its depiction of human beings as machines,manufactured on assembly lines and continuously monitored for quality assurance. John, the“savage” from New Mexico, initially seems to represent a kind of pure human being, one whosenaturalness contrasts with the mechanization of the World State. However, Huxley goes on toundermine that interpretation, demonstrating not only that John has been sociallyconditioned just as the World State inhabitants have, but also that his conditioning leadsto his downfall.At first, John seems to represent the fictional philosophical figure known as thenoble savage. The noble savage is a primitive human being—usually a man—who grows upisolated in the wild yet possesses an innate sense of morality. John’s epithet, “theSavage,” deliberately echoes this concept, which tends to portray civilization as acorrupting influence rather than an ennobling one. Writers and thinkers who invoke the noblesavage often do so to challenge the cultural arrogance of colonizers, just as Johnchallenges the World State’s deeply held belief in the superiority of its system.
Crucially,Huxley makes John not a native Indian but a lost descendant of the World Statepeople—visually, physically, and genetically indistinguishable from Lenina, Bernard, and theothers. In this way, John seems to function as a sort of scientific “control” in the WorldState experiment, with all things being equal except the fact that he grew up outside thesystem.However, John did not grow up in a vacuum. One of the ironies of the novel is the wayBernard and the others continuously refer to the New Mexico reservation as “the SavageReservation.” In this phrase, we are meant to hear an echo of the European settlers whoderided indigenous peoples as savages or barbarians, unable to recognize that thealien-seeming native cultures represented legitimate, if alternate, forms of civilization.Like the Native Americans of our history, the Reservation Indians of Brave New World havetheir own set of rules, customs, and values, which John has internalized. He has been taughtto value individual strength and masculinity, and is crushed that he cannot prove himselfthrough the traditional rituals of the tribe. The tribe inculcates a reverence for thedivine in John, as well as a belief in committed monogamy and a simultaneous distaste forpromiscuity. This proves how powerful an influence the Reservation culture exerts on him,for in adopting their views on religion, love, and individuality, John rejects the teachingsof his mother, Linda, one of the few people who shows any concern for him.In the end, the World State doesn’t destroy John for being an intractablenon-believer, as we might have expected.
Rather, John kills himself when his socialconditioning convinces him that he is perverse and wicked. John’s notions of love andromance do not represent natural, inherent concepts.
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Rather, he has learned everything heknows about proper sexual relations from a book—specifically, the collected works ofShakespeare. While we might see John’s desire for passion and fidelity as laudable, Romeoand Juliet represents just one of the romantic scripts he has learned. At other points inthe novel, he identifies more with the title characters of Othello and Hamlet, who expresssuch deep ambivalence about physical expressions of sexuality that they are driven tomurder, suicide, and other brutal acts. In the end, John’s inability to reconcile his sexualdesires with his romantic ethics leads him to sequester himself in a lighthouse, where helives in a state of extreme deprivation and self-punishment. John’s value system is revealedto be the mirror image of the World State’s, which freely celebrates sexuality and forbidsromantic love; his self-whippings represent nothing more than violent, physical versions ofthe technological and rhetorical conditioning practiced by the government.It would be easy for us to see John’s investment in love and individuality as a set ofnatural principles, since his beliefs seem to reflect our own cultural values.
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However, todo so would mean perpetuating the same myth employed by World State, which brainwashescitizens into thinking all government-approved feelings are natural, while non-sanctioneddesires represent perverse tendencies. In our society, the Reservation, as well as the WorldState, naturalness represents a supreme value—but each of those communities defines“natural” in a way that suits their needs. Huxley’s novel is therefore not a warning toreject technology in favor of natural living, but to carefully examine what “natural” mighttruly mean.